Luna 2 was the first to reach the lunar surface, and Luna 3 sent back the first images of the dark side of the moon. In , Roscosmos—the U. But in the late s, NASA blew past Roscosmos with the Apollo program, with the first crewed mission to the moon and, of course, the Apollo 11 mission that enabled the first people to walk on the moon.
From to , 12 people—all Americans— walked on the lunar surface. But in recent years, interest in reaching the moon again has picked up, with Japan, the European Space Agency, China, and India all making their first successful moon mission. Click here for a much more in-depth, full-screen version of this chart. Did he say what we think he said? What is surprising is how little agreement there is about it—how Armstrong came up with it, what it really meant to him, if it has been misquoted for years.
The next moon boots will be worn by a woman. NASA has vowed that the next time it puts astronauts on the lunar surface, at least one of them will be a woman. The old moon boots were designed blindly. Before the Apollo missions, NASA had no samples of moon soil, or really much of an idea of what the surface was actually like.
It could have been quicksand, for all we knew. The famous moon boot sole print was the result of an answer to that design challenge, solved by a model maker in Connecticut. After his time as an astronaut, Armstrong was deputy associate administrator for aeronautics at NASA headquarters.
He resigned from NASA in From to , he was a professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Cincinnati. Armstrong also participated in the Rogers Commission, which was a presidential commission tasked to look at the causes and events of the fatal Challenger shuttle explosion of Jan. Armstrong chose to mostly stay out of the spotlight after leaving NASA, although he did reappear periodically for interviews or for anniversary events concerning Apollo Although his public statements were few, he followed spaceflight news and occasionally made public comments on what was happening.
He remained a vocal supporter of suborbital spaceflight. On the other hand, the former Apollo astronaut was publicly critical of plans to shift crewed spaceflight from NASA to private spacecraft. On Aug. Complications from the surgery resulted in his death on Aug. Tributes poured in from many public figures, including President Barack Obama, Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney, then-NASA administrator Charles Bolden, Apollo 11 crewmates Aldrin and Collins, and various space representatives in the public, private and nonprofit spheres.
They set out to show the world that the American spirit can see beyond what seems unimaginable — that with enough drive and ingenuity, anything is possible. A private memorial service for Armstrong was held Aug. Two weeks later, a publicly televised memorial service was held at the National Cathedral in Washington, D.
Armstrong was buried at sea Sept. Armstrong's family was on board when the ship left port in Mayport, Florida, and they released his ashes somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean. Obama ordered flags around the United States to fly at half-staff on the day of the funeral. In , the Smithsonian Institution revealed that Armstrong had kept aside a cloth bag full of small parts from the lunar module Eagle, which lay undiscovered for decades until his widow, Carol, found it. While Armstrong made no mention of this bag in decades of interviews, the bag was discussed a few times during the mission.
It is unknown how Armstrong ultimately gained possession of the bag, but it was common during the Apollo years for astronauts to retain souvenirs of their flights. Then, on January 27, , tragedy struck at Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, when a fire broke out during a manned launch-pad test of the Apollo spacecraft and Saturn rocket.
Three astronauts were killed in the fire. Despite the setback, NASA and its thousands of employees forged ahead, and in October , Apollo 7, the first manned Apollo mission, orbited Earth and successfully tested many of the sophisticated systems needed to conduct a moon journey and landing. In December of the same year, Apollo 8 took three astronauts to the far side of the moon and back, and in March Apollo 9 tested the lunar module for the first time while in Earth orbit.
That May, the three astronauts of Apollo 10 took the first complete Apollo spacecraft around the moon in a dry run for the scheduled July landing mission. At a. Armstrong, a year-old civilian research pilot, was the commander of the mission. After traveling , miles in 76 hours, Apollo 11 entered into a lunar orbit on July The next day, at p.
Two hours later, the Eagle began its descent to the lunar surface, and at p. At p. As he made his way down the module's ladder, a television camera attached to the craft recorded his progress and beamed the signal back to Earth, where hundreds of millions watched in great anticipation. Aldrin joined him on the moon's surface 19 minutes later, and together they took photographs of the terrain, planted a U. A flash flood hits Johnstown, Pennsylvania, on July 20, , killing 84 people and causing millions of dollars in damages.
This flood came 88 years after the infamous Great Flood of that killed more than 2, people in Johnstown. As they had in the first flood, the dams Alton Coleman and Debra Brown are apprehended in Evanston, Illinois, after a particularly vicious two-month crime spree that left eight people dead and many more injured. President Harry S. Truman institutes a military draft with a proclamation calling for nearly 10 million men to register for military service within the next two months.
Following World War II, the On July 20, , Hitler cheats death as a bomb planted in a briefcase goes off, but fails to kill him. High-ranking German officials had made up their minds that Hitler must die. He was leading Germany in a suicidal war on two fronts, and assassination was the only way to stop Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Art, Literature, and Film History.
0コメント