When there is too much waste in your blood and your body is not producing enough urine, crystals begin to form in your kidneys. These crystals attract other wastes and chemicals to form a solid object a kidney stone that will get larger unless it is passed out of your body in your urine.
Kidney stones can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball. Anyone can get a kidney stone, but some people are more likely than others to have them. Men get kidney stones more often than women do. Kidney stones are also more common in non-Hispanic white people than in people of other ethnicities.
You may also be more likely to have kidney stones if:. If you have a very small kidney stone that moves easily through your urinary tract, you may not have any symptoms, and may never know that you had a kidney stone. The treatment for a kidney stone depends on the size of the stone, what it is made of, whether it is causing pain and whether it is blocking your urinary tract.
A CT scan sometimes uses contrast dye. If you have ever had a problem with contrast dye, be sure to tell your doctor about it before you have your CT scan. If your test results show that your kidney stone is small, your doctor may tell you to take pain medicine and drink plenty of fluids to help push the stone through your urinary tract.
This will usually be because the stone is too big to pass naturally larger than 6 mm or is blocking urine flow. If the stone is blocking the flow of urine, it can lead to an infection or renal damage. In other circumstances, your doctor might recommend waiting to see if you can pass the stone on your own. You should check in with your doctor often during this time to see if anything is changing, especially if you have new symptoms. Infection, fever, kidney damage, intractable hard to control pain, or intractable vomiting are all indications for immediate surgery.
Kidney stones can be very painful, but they often resolve without medical treatment. If you think you have a kidney stone, see your doctor as soon as possible to help you decide the best course of action. Generally speaking, the larger the stone, the longer it will take to pass on its own. You may be able to wait it out, or your doctor may recommend medical intervention. Having a kidney stone makes you more likely to have more kidney stones in the future.
To reduce your risk of developing more stones, make sure you drink enough water to keep your urine light yellow or clear, and eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables and low in salt. The most common home remedies for kidney stones involve drinking different fluids, including just water, to help flush your stones out and prevent new….
Learn which foods to eat and avoid on a kidney stone diet. There's no one sure way to prevent kidney stones, especially if you have a family history of the condition. Here's how diet and medications may help. Kidney stones, or renal calculi, are masses made of crystals. Learn more about causes and symptoms here. Collagen is found throughout your body's connective tissue, including your bones, skin, and ligaments. Kids should eat less salty potato chips and French fries. There are other salty foods: sandwich meats, canned soups, packaged meals, and even some sports drinks.
Sodas and other sweetened beverages can also increase the risk of stones if they contain high fructose corn syrup. If you would like more information, please contact us. Skip to main content. Kidney Stones. How common are kidney stones?
What is a kidney stone? Sign up for the deep dive into kidney stones A patient story, myths debunked, and stone-sized video content. Leave this field blank. Causes of kidney stones. Types of kidney stones. There are four main types of stones: Calcium oxalate: The most common type of kidney stone which is created when calcium combines with oxalate in the urine. Inadequate calcium and fluid intake, as well other conditions, may contribute to their formation. Uric acid: This is another common type of kidney stone.
Foods such as organ meats and shellfish have high concentrations of a natural chemical compound known as purines. High purine intake leads to a higher production of monosodium urate, which, under the right conditions, may form stones in the kidneys.
The formation of these types of stones tends to run in families. Struvite: These stones are less common and are caused by infections in the upper urinary tract. Cystine: These stones are rare and tend to run in families. What are Cystine Stones? Kidney stone symptoms. The symptoms could be one or more of the following: severe pain on either side of your lower back more vague pain or stomach ache that doesn't go away blood in the urine nausea or vomiting fever and chills urine that smells bad or looks cloudy The kidney stone starts to hurt when it causes irritation or blockage.
Kidney stone treatment. I think I have a stone. What do I do? Kidney stone diagnosis. Why do doctors examine the contents of the stone? Long term consequences of kidney stones. Reducing kidney stone risk. Here are some questions you might ask: What food may cause a kidney stone?
Should l take vitamin and mineral supplements? What beverages are good choices for me? Can children get kidney stones? It may also be associated with certain medications used to treat migraines or seizures, such as topiramate Topamax, Trokendi XR, Qudexy XR.
Kidney stones care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Female urinary system Open pop-up dialog box Close. Female urinary system Your urinary system — which includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra — removes waste from your body through urine. Male urinary system Open pop-up dialog box Close.
Male urinary system Your urinary system — which includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra — removes waste from your body through urine. Kidney stones Open pop-up dialog box Close. Kidney stones Kidney stones form in your kidneys. Email address. First Name let us know your preferred name.
Last Name. Thank you for subscribing Your in-depth digestive health guide will be in your inbox shortly. Sorry something went wrong with your subscription Please, try again in a couple of minutes Retry. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Goldman L, et al. In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine.
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